Variation in the Ratio of Oat (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Avena</Emphasis>) Protein Fractions of Interest in Coeliac Grain Diets

The previously found wide range in the ratios of avenin or methanol-precipitated fractions to residual proteins was revisited by studying 75 oat varieties, mainly representing landraces from Finland, and included old varieties or selections, cv. Kytö, synthetic hexaploid oats and an Avena strigosa line (HA 71–87). The means of the fraction ratios ranged from 4.17 to 6.46 with significant differences. Samples of 10 narrow-ratio and 10 wide-ratio oats were compared more closely. The wide-ratio sample had significantly higher total protein content and significantly lower content of the methanol-precipitated protein fraction. Therefore, both fractions in general appear to contribute to the ratio of the protein fractions. The wide-ratio sample had significantly lower grain mass and husk-free karyopsis mass. Samples of the extreme ends in the ratios of the protein fractions showed different electrophoretic protein patterns, which was also seen in samples representing the same population of origin. It is evident that polymorphisms in the protein fractions would allow breeding of oat cultivars showing further lowering of proteins putatively toxic to coeliacs assuming oats contain these toxic proteins.     

Genetic variability evaluation in a Moroccan collection of barley, Hordeum vulgare L., by means of storage proteins and RAPDs

The genetic variation existing in a set of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landrace samples recently collected in Morocco was estimated. Two kinds of genetic markers, seed storage proteins (hordeins) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), were used. Only six out of 31 landraces were subjected to RAPD analysis. Both kinds of markers, RAPD and storage proteins, yielded similar results, showing that the level of variation observed in Moroccan barley was high: all landraces showed variability; 808 different storage protein patterns (multilocus associations) were observed among 1897 individuals (2.32 seeds per association, on average) with an average of 43 multilocus associations per accession. In general, genetic variation within accessions was higher than between accessions. The 100 polymorphic RAPD bands generated by 21 effective primers were able to generate enough patterns to differentiate between uniform cultivars and even between individuals in variable accessions. One of the aims of this work was to compare the effectiveness of RAPD versus storage protein techniques in assessing the variability of genetic resource collections. On average hordeins were more polymorphic than RAPDs: they showed more alternatives per band on gels and a higher percentage of polymorphic bands, although RAPDs supply a higher number of bands. Although RAPD is an easy and standard technique, storage protein analysis is technically easier, cheaper and needs less sophisticated equipment. Thus, when resources are a limiting factor and considering the cost of consumables and work time, seed storage proteins must be the technique of choice for a first estimation of genetic variation in plant genetic resource collections.     

Phylogenetic relationships of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. (pigeonpea) and its wild relatives based on seed protein profiles

Total seed storage protein of 9 accessions of cultivated C. cajan and 10 wild Cajanus species was reported and compared by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A considerable variation was detected among the protein profiles of different accessions of C. cajan while those of wild species were very specific and distinctly different from each other. Relative similarities between various taxa were estimated by Jaccard's similarity index and cluster analysis was performed to produce a UPGMA dendrogram. The clustering of 10 wild species and C. cajan more or less agrees with their sectional classification and available data based on morphological characteristics, crossability, genome pairing in hybrids and nuclear RFLPs. The species closest to C. cajan is C. cajanifolia although the accessions of C. cajan also share some bands present in the profiles of C. scarabaeoides, C. goensis, C. lineatus, C. acutifolius and C. volubilis. This points towards polyphyletic origin of the cultigen which has been discussed in this paper.     

大豆水溶性蛋白测定方法探讨

对大豆水溶性蛋白测定方法进行探讨,对大豆水溶性蛋白影响因素进行分析,同时,对提取条件进行优化。实验结果表明,温度的影响最为显著（P〈0.05）,所得最优提取完全的条件为：温度35℃,每次加100 mL水,提取2次,每次提取时间为60 min。通过研究后获得的试验条件在操作上较灵活,所提取的水溶蛋白具有更稳定、彻底和准确度高等特点。     

杏仁蛋白质的提取及功能特性研究进展

杏仁蛋白是一种理想的植物蛋白,概述了目前杏仁蛋白质的提取方法,综述了国内外蛋白质功能特性的研究。     

甘肃黑白花奶牛α－乳清蛋白及β－乳球蛋白多态性与产奶量相关性研究

在分析甘肃黑白花奶牛α－乳清蛋白及β－乳球蛋白遗传多态性的基础上，作者对这两个基因座与产奶量的相关性及其互作效应作了研究。发现这两个基因座对产奶量无显著影响及明显的互作效应，结合国外对β－乳球蛋白多态性与乳加工特性及乳品质相关性研究的结论，作者认为在甘肃黑白花奶牛进一步的选育中，应适当或尽可能地提高β－ＬｇＢＢ型个体的比例。     

低浓度Zn对幼龄鲫鱼肝脏组织应激蛋白HSP70诱导的影响

选择鲫鱼(Carassiusauratus)作为受试生物,经过40dZn2+不同浓度的暴露后,运用SDS-PAGE和WesternBlot-ting方法检测了鱼肝脏组织内应激蛋白HSP70的诱导表达情况。结果表明,在各试验浓度下,与对照组相比,Zn2+对鱼肝脏内HSP70有显著的诱导(P<0.05)。试验中还发现,在试验浓度低于国家渔业用水标准时,HSP70相对于对照组仍然表现为明显诱导(P<0.05),充分说明分子生物学指标要比传统的环境检测指标敏感,对污染物早期具有预警的作用。     

基因工程菌表达效率对细菌总蛋白和包涵体中目的蛋白含量的影响

测定了猪生长激素基因工程菌不同表达效率时细菌总蛋白的含量以及包涵体中重组猪生长激素占包涵体总蛋白的比值。结果表明:随着表达效率的提高,细菌总蛋白含量缓慢增加,最后稳定在一定水平上;当表达效率增加,包涵体中重组猪生长激素占包涵体中总蛋白的百分数也增加,两者上升趋势基本一致。     

带“-”原癌基因及原癌基因蛋白质的检索技巧探讨

利用国内外医学权威数据库，对带“-”原癌基因及原癌基因蛋白质中易漏检的一些问题，通过检索实例进行比较，探讨如何提高文献检索的查全率和查准率。

     

利用SDS-PAGE电泳快速检测茎用芥菜细胞质雄性不育系特异表达蛋白(英文)

本研究利用SDS-PAGE电泳直接检测到茎用芥菜细胞质雄性不育系花器中存在两种特异表达白,分子量约分别为14.4 kD和43.0 kD,其中14.4 kD蛋白在不育系花器中存在明显的过量表达现象;而不育系和保持系营养生长和生殖生长期叶片和根中蛋白电泳谱带未发现差异,特异蛋白的表达有很强的器官特异性.我们推测此两种特异蛋白的产生可能与茎用芥菜细胞质胞质雄性不育的表达有关.